{"id":1168,"date":"2020-02-21T15:22:49","date_gmt":"2020-02-21T15:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/?p=1168"},"modified":"2020-02-21T15:22:49","modified_gmt":"2020-02-21T15:22:49","slug":"referatet-dhe-kumtesat-e-mbajtura-ne-kuvend-me-rastin-e-100-vjetorit-te-kongresit-te-lushnjes-prof-elena-kocaqi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/2020\/02\/21\/referatet-dhe-kumtesat-e-mbajtura-ne-kuvend-me-rastin-e-100-vjetorit-te-kongresit-te-lushnjes-prof-elena-kocaqi\/","title":{"rendered":"REFERATET DHE KUMTESAT E MBAJTURA N\u00cb KUVEND ME RASTIN E 100 VJETORIT T\u00cb KONGRESIT T\u00cb LUSHNJES \u2013 Prof. Elena KOCAQI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00c7\u00cbSHTJA E SHKODR\u00cbS DHE AUSTRIA-HUNGARIA 1912-1913<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prof. Elena<strong> KOCAQI*<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00cbRMBLEDHJE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ky punim synon q\u00eb t\u00eb trajtoj\u00eb konfliktin midis Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Malit te Zi p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, q\u00eb u zhvillua nga tetori i vitit 1912 deri n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1913. Shkodra me insistimin Austriak i takoi Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb politike por mbahej e rrethuar nga Mali i Zi q\u00eb donte ta pushtonte dhe aneksonte me \u00e7do kusht. Dor\u00ebzimi i saj n\u00eb prill solli si pasoj\u00eb edhe reagimin e ashp\u00ebr austriak q\u00eb n\u00eb 2 maj mobilizoi ushtrin\u00eb p\u00ebr luft\u00eb dhe q\u00eb ishte e vendosur t\u2019i shkonte deri n\u00eb fund. Kjo alarmoi t\u00eb gjitha Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha qe i b\u00ebn\u00eb presion Malit te Zi t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej nga Shkodra p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb luft\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. N\u00eb punim marrin p\u00ebrgjigje pyetjet si: Cilat ishin synimet aneksuese t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi n\u00eb 1912 dhe q\u00ebndrimi i Monarkis\u00eb s\u00eb\u00a0 Danubit? Si u arrit kompromisi p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn midis Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha? Si dhe pse u dor\u00ebzua Shkodra dhe cili ishte roli i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb q\u00eb ajo t\u2019i kalonte Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb? P\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar k\u00ebt\u00eb punim \u00ebsht\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar arkivi i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe dokumentet diplomatike t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Punimi \u00ebsht\u00eb trajtuar duke analizuar dhe sintetizuar faktet historike.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Fjal\u00eb ky\u00e7e:<\/em><\/strong><em> Rrethimi i Shkodr\u00ebs, Austria-Hungaria, Mali i Zi, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>*Historiane, Profesor ne Fakultetin e Shkencave Politike dhe Juridike, Departamenti i Administrimit Publike, Studiuese, Akademia Alternative Shkencore Rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt Tona, Tiran\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>RRETHIMI I SHKODR\u00cbS DHE CAKTIMI I SAJ SHQIP\u00cbRIS\u00cb, NGA FUQIT\u00cb E M\u00cbDHA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mali i Zi ishte vendi i par\u00eb ballkanik q\u00eb i shpalli luft\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane dhe synimi kryesor i luft\u00ebs, ishte marrja e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e Pej\u00ebs. M\u00eb 11 tetor, Mali i Zi filloj m\u00ebsymjen ushtarake n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e mbajti at\u00eb t\u00eb rrethuar deri n\u00eb\u00a0 prill t\u00eb 1913. N\u00eb projektin e paraqitur nga qeveria malazeze p\u00ebrfshihej, Shkodra, Durr\u00ebsi si dhe do t\u00eb krijohej nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur, i cili sipas modelit t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, do t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb nj\u00eb union real me Malin e Zi.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Giesel, ambasadori i Monarkis\u00eb n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb, i b\u00ebri t\u00eb qart\u00eb\u00a0 mbretit q\u00eb m\u00eb 31 tetor 1912,\u00a0 se Sh\u00ebngjini nuk do t\u2019i takoj\u00eb as Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe as Serbis\u00eb, por do t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb autonome dhe se Shkodra do t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Nd\u00ebrsa mbreti ia ktheu se m\u00eb par\u00eb Buna do t\u00eb rrjedh gjak se sa t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> P\u00ebr Berchtold ministrin e Jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb, aneksimi definitiv i bregdetit prej Malit t\u00eb Zi, apo Serbis\u00eb,\u00a0 nuk mund t\u00eb pajtohet me planin p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie autonome.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Shkodra, si kryeqendra e katolik\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb, ishte prej shum\u00eb koh\u00ebsh edhe kryeqendra e <em>kultusprotektoratit <\/em>austro-hungarez, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye Monarkia e Danubit k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb,\u00a0 ajo t\u00eb ishte pjes\u00eb e shtetit shqiptar. Berchtold, mendonte se,\u00a0 Monarkia ka nj\u00eb interes madhor n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, dhe ve\u00e7 arsyeve t\u00eb tjera ka detyr\u00ebn e madh\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tij si mbrojt\u00ebs i kish\u00ebs katolike. Ne nuk mund t\u00eb rrim\u00eb indiferent p\u00ebr fatin e Shkodr\u00ebs. Mbajtja e Shkodr\u00ebs p\u00ebr shtetin e ardhsh\u00ebm autonom t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> P\u00ebr Berchtoldin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Shkodra \u00ebsht\u00eb qendra e protektoratit katolik n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe ishte e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb t\u2018i mbetej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebr opinionin e ekspert\u00ebve, nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri viable* \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur pa Shkodr\u00ebn dhe rrethinat e saj.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00ebse Shkodra nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb humbte fiset shqiptare q\u00eb lidhen me Shkodr\u00ebn. K\u00ebto fise do t\u00eb absorboheshin pa d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e tyre nga Mali i Zi, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb etnikisht dhe fetarisht i ndrysh\u00ebm nga Shqip\u00ebria.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb 17 n\u00ebntor, Berchtold i dha instruksione t\u00eb d\u00ebrguarit t\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb se, \u00e7far\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte Austria n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Koncesionet ishin, Qafat e Lov\u00e7enit\u00a0dhe dobi ekonomike, si lidhje doganash, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e kabotazhi dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e lundrimit t\u00eb anijeve austro-hungareze n\u00eb Bun\u00eb\u00a0dhe n\u00eb liqenin e Shkodr\u00ebs, si edhe zgjatimin e udh\u00ebs s\u00eb hekurit n\u00ebp\u00ebr Mal t\u00eb Zi\u00a0deri n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Por Gisel duke njohur pretendimet e Cetin\u00ebs dhe politik\u00ebn ballkanike dhe me mir\u00eb se Berchtold ishte i mendimit se, mbreti do t\u00eb na e refuzoj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn ton\u00ebn,\u00a0 p\u00ebr t\u00eb na dh\u00ebn\u00eb Lov\u00e7enin, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb p\u00ebr arsye traditash dhe, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, se ka frik\u00eb se Rusia\u00a0mund t\u2019ia pres\u00eb subvencionin.Un\u00eb do t\u2019i thosha Mbretit vet\u00ebm kaq: ne protestojm\u00eb me energji kund\u00ebr aneksimit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, e t\u00eb bregut t\u00eb detit nga Mali i Zi, natyrisht duke u mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u00a0dhe do ta lija at\u00eb, t\u2019i nxjerr\u00eb vet\u00eb konkluzion p\u00ebr konsekuencat, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb le t\u00eb zgjedh\u00eb ai vet\u00eb, nj\u00ebr\u00ebn nga k\u00ebto alternativa, ose ta l\u00ebshoj\u00eb prap\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebn, ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrleshet me Austro-Hungarin\u00eb. M\u00eb von\u00eb, dhe mandej aspak n\u00eb audienc\u00eb, do t\u2019i thosha si mendimin tim personal dhe sikur Shk\u00eblqesia Juaj nuk dini asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb, se ndofta mund t\u2019ia lem\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebn kundrejt nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrblimi n\u00eb qafat e Lov\u00e7enit\u00a0dhe t\u2019i shtoja se kjo pun\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm propozimi im, t\u00eb cilin nuk besoja se do ta pranonte qeveria ime. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se Mbreti pranon n\u00eb parim p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb tratativa, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u2019ia k\u00ebrkoja me shkrim k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb, duke ia p\u00ebrcaktuar k\u00ebrkesat tona ushtarake. N\u00eb mos ma dh\u00ebnt\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkres\u00eb, q\u00eb ma merr\u00eb mendja se nuk e jep, at\u00ebher\u00eb skuqem (turp\u00ebrohem) un\u00eb dhe qeveria jon\u00eb nuk merr\u00eb pluhur mbi vete.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>N\u00eb 21 n\u00ebntor, me nj\u00eb telegram Berchtold, i shkruante konsullit n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb se, <em>nuk pajtohem me aneksimin e Shkodr\u00ebs prej Malit t\u00eb Zi. Po ju them se, nuk kemi nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb marrim qafat e Lov\u00e7enit se, at\u00ebher\u00eb, do t\u00eb thuhej se kemi q\u00ebllime agresive<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>Interesi i perandoris\u00eb p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn ishte disa shekullor dhe sikur Berchtoldi t\u00eb d\u00ebshironte nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, ajo nuk do t\u00eb pranohej nga qarqe t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonin politik\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs. Si\u00e7 duket kjo ishte nj\u00eb bised\u00eb e Berchtoldit me konsullin n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb, q\u00eb u mbyll midis tyre. Giesle i sugjeronte Berchtold-it se, mbretin duhet ta bindim nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb dal\u00eb nga Shkodra dhe k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u2018ia ngulitim atij n\u00eb kok\u00eb,\u00a0 vet\u00ebm me an\u00ebn e forcave ushtarake.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 23 n\u00ebntor 1912, Giesel i deklaroi Nikoll\u00ebs edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb tjet\u00ebr se, Shkodra p\u00ebrfundimisht nuk do t\u2019i mbetet Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe se zot\u00ebrimi definitiv jo vet\u00ebm i bregdetit shqiptar, por edhe i qytetit dhe i rrethit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, nuk mund t\u00eb pajtohej me krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie autonome. P\u00ebrgjigja e mbretit ishte se, i kam marr\u00eb masat q\u00eb n\u00eb pak dit\u00eb do t\u00eb marr\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebn, o k\u00ebshtu o ashtu, ve\u00e7se ju duhet t\u00eb dini se n\u00eb past\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend Austro-Hungaria, t\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebrz\u00ebr\u00eb me forc\u00eb nga vendet q\u00eb kam shkelur, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb mbroj ushtrin\u00eb deri n\u00eb dhin\u00eb e fundit dhe deri n\u00eb fishekun e fundit,\u00a0 dhe k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb do ta b\u00ebj edhe n\u00eb me l\u00ebnt\u00eb n\u00eb balt\u00eb Rusia dhe aleatet e mia.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Mbreti Nikolla bashk\u00eb me shum\u00eb nga n\u00ebnshtetasit e tij b\u00ebnin be posht\u00eb e lart se, po t\u00eb mos merrnin ato q\u00eb d\u00ebshironin, do t\u2019i vinin zjarrin gjith\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, dhe ushtria serbe dhe malazeze do t\u00eb merrnin Vjen\u00ebn.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Madje,\u00a0 Nikolla pretendonte t\u00eb b\u00ebhej edhe mbreti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe pse jo, me perspektiv\u00eb edhe i Serbis\u00eb. Mijushkovi\u00e7, besnik i mbretit, i sugjeroi Giesel-it q\u00eb, si mbret i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, njeriu i duhur ishte sovrani i tij, duke qen\u00eb se at\u00eb do e aprovonin si shqiptar\u00ebt edhe shtetet e tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit se, ai ishte shum\u00eb i dob\u00ebt.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> Giesel i ishte p\u00ebrgjigjur se, mbreti i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb sjell\u00eb keq kundra Austro-Hungaris\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Car Nikolla jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb nuk merrte parasysh mos aprovimin e diplomacis\u00eb vjeneze, por b\u00ebnte nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb plane p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn se, \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebnte me t\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Mbreti i kishte p\u00ebrmendur ambasadorit gjerman se, duke thelluar Bun\u00ebn do ta lidhte Shkodr\u00ebn me detin, dhe do ta b\u00ebnte at\u00eb nj\u00eb skel\u00eb detare. Kur Giesel i deklaroi s\u00ebrish se, ajo do t\u2019i mbetet Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, mbretit ja ktheu se: n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr mbes un\u00eb dhe n\u00ebse d\u00ebshironi t\u00eb m\u00eb nxirrni jasht\u00eb me forc\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb mbroj veten deri n\u00eb burrin m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb po ju jap fjal\u00ebn time t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb. Ju duhet t\u00eb dini se, un\u00eb prandaj i kursej trupat e mia, p\u00ebr t\u2019i pasur gati t\u00eb paprekura n\u00eb luft\u00eb kundra Monarkis\u00eb. Giesel ishte i mendimit se mbreti \u00ebsht\u00eb fanatik, shovinist dhe ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj egoist i kulluar. Si\u00e7 shihet e ka humbur komplet gjykimin e qet\u00eb dhe t\u00eb matur mbi zhvillimin, q\u00eb sipas gjasave do t\u00eb marrin ngjarjet, sheh vet\u00ebm nga syzet e tij, dhe beson se \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga qendrat e politik\u00ebs bot\u00ebrore.<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00ebshtja e Shkodr\u00ebs u diskutua gjat\u00eb kur filluan punimet e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Ambasador\u00ebve, n\u00eb janar t\u00eb 1913. Vjena k\u00ebrkoi me vendosm\u00ebri q\u00eb,\u00a0 ajo t\u2019i mbetej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye,\u00a0 ajo b\u00ebri disa koncesione, si\u00e7 ishte edhe qyteti i Gjakov\u00ebs. Vjena k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Shkodr\u00ebs t\u00eb vendosej p\u00ebrpara se Mali i Zi ta pushtonte. Po n\u00eb lidhje me Shkodr\u00ebn, Austria hasi n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e\u00a0 t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, sepse ajo shihej si trofeu i luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr Malin e Zi. Anglia k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb Gjermania dhe Italia t\u00eb bindnin Vjen\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte pe, ashtu si\u00e7 kishte vepruar Rusia me daljen territoriale t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb n\u00eb Adriatik.<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> P\u00ebr Sazanovin, <em>ishte e v\u00ebshtir<\/em>\u00eb<em> t\u00eb b\u00ebhej presion mbi Malin e Zi, p\u00ebr t\u2019i grabitur k\u00ebtij t\u00eb vetmin p\u00ebrfitim t\u00eb \u00e7muesh\u00ebm t\u00eb luft\u00ebs.<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> Mali i Zi, si iniciatori i luft\u00ebs, dilte pa ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim t\u00eb madh, krahasuar me fuqit\u00eb e tjera ballkanike, n\u00ebse humbiste Shkodr\u00ebn. Rusia k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb, Shkodra t\u2019i jepej Malit t\u00eb Zi, pasi mbreti Nikolla kishte rrezik t\u00eb humbiste fronin po t\u00eb mos pranohej kjo k\u00ebrkes\u00eb. Austria e kund\u00ebrshtoi k\u00ebt\u00eb duke argumentuar se, qeveria e saj nuk d\u00ebshironte r\u00ebnien e Dinastis\u00eb Malazeze, por se pretendimet e mbretit Nikolla mbi Shkodr\u00ebn, nuk ishin t\u00eb justifikuara nga asnj\u00eb an\u00eb, as nga ana ligjore, as nga ana ushtarake e as nga ana e vullnetit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare.<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ambasadori italian kishte udh\u00ebzime q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkrahte projektin austro-hungarez, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket kufirit lindor,\u00a0 dhe kjo me kusht q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqej dor\u00eb nga Peja dhe nga Prizreni. Ai nuk do t\u00eb shprehej n\u00eb konferenc\u00eb as p\u00ebr kufirin e jugu, dhe aq m\u00eb pak p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, para se kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb trajtohej n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb bisedime t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta midis dy ministrave t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, San Guliano dhe Berchtold.<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> Pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrpjekjeve, Italia e dinte k\u00ebmb\u00ebnguljen e Austris\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje dhe k\u00ebshillonte ambasadorin e vet n\u00eb Peterburg q\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb praktike t\u00eb ngulim k\u00ebmb\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me Shkodr\u00ebn, sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb e sigurt q\u00eb Austria n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb, dhe n\u00ebse kjo do t\u00eb kishte koston e nj\u00eb lufte evropiane.<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a> Nd\u00ebrsa Lihnovsky, ambasadori i Gjermanis\u00eb n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, e k\u00ebshillonte Mensdorffin, ambasadorin e Monarkis\u00eb atje, q\u00eb t\u00eb mos vihej n\u00eb rrezik vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, gjith\u00eb suksesi i bisedimeve t\u00eb ambasador\u00ebve.<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vjena filloi nj\u00eb luft\u00eb diplomatike intensive me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb, t\u00eb bindte Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Rusin\u00eb, q\u00eb Shkodra t\u2019i mbetej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Berchtold udh\u00ebzoi ambasadorin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Rusi, q\u00eb n\u00eb bisedimet me Sazanovin t\u00eb mbronte me forc\u00eb t\u00eb madhe argumentet sipas t\u00eb cilave, Shkodra duhej t\u2018i lihej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a> Ai i deklaroi Rusis\u00eb q\u00eb, tensioni q\u00eb vihet re, e ka shkakun tek marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me Serbin\u00eb, por jo tek ato austro-ruse, se shk\u00ebmbimi i mendimeve midis Vjen\u00ebs dhe Peterburgut, do t\u00eb jepte mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zhvillim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb bisedimeve t\u00eb ambasador\u00ebve, se at\u00ebher\u00eb edhe shtetet e interesuara t\u00eb Ballkanit, do t\u00eb nxirrnin p\u00ebrfundime t\u00eb nevojshme,\u00a0 prej shfaqjes unanime t\u00eb vullnetit t\u00eb fuqive.<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb shkurt t\u00eb 1913, komandanti i Shkodr\u00ebs vritet pas nj\u00eb darke tek Esat Toptani dhe pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb dyshimet u hodh\u00ebn tek Toptani. Hortensa Zambaur, gruaja e konsullit austriak n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, shkruante n\u00eb ditarin e saj se, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzit mendojn\u00eb dhe e shprehin haptazi se Esat Pasha ka shtyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vrar\u00eb Hasan Riza Pash\u00ebn, q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u2019ua dor\u00ebzoj\u00eb qytetin malazez\u00ebve.<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a> Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb malazez\u00ebt kishin filluar hapur masakrat mbi popullsin\u00eb civile. Malazez\u00ebt p\u00ebrdorin masa detyruese kundrejt katolik\u00ebve dhe mysliman\u00ebve, p\u00ebr t\u2019i konvertuar n\u00eb ortodoks.<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a> Edit Durham, q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb d\u00ebshmitare e ngjarjeve na d\u00ebshmon se, serb\u00ebt dhe malazez\u00ebt pohonin haptazi q\u00ebllimin e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2018i dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund t\u00ebr\u00eb rac\u00ebs shqiptare.<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a> Sllav\u00ebt vazhdonin t\u00eb b\u00ebrtisnin vdekje Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Shp\u00ebtimi i k\u00ebtij vendi ishte nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb e qart\u00eb e Austris\u00eb, e cila duhej t\u00eb ishte edhe e Italis\u00eb. Organi i Dor\u00ebs s\u00eb Zez\u00eb Serbe, Piemonti, k\u00ebshillonte therjen e gjith\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, si d\u00ebnim p\u00ebr kund\u00ebrshtimin q\u00eb ata kishin guxuar t\u00eb tregojn\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 18 mars 1913, Berchtold takohet me Conrad, shefin e Shtabit t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm dhe vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb, ndalimin e bombardimeve t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, derisa popullsia civile t\u00eb evakuohej. N\u00eb 19 mars, s\u00ebrish t\u00eb dy k\u00ebta p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb takohen dhe vendimi i tyre ishte q\u00eb t\u00eb urdh\u00ebronin nj\u00eb bllokad\u00eb t\u00eb bregdetit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, derisa car Nikolla t\u00eb ndalonte bombardimet. N\u00ebse kjo nuk funksiononte, at\u00ebher\u00eb, Berchtold ishte dakord p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mobilizim total kundra Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe Serbis\u00eb. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb u \u00e7ua nj\u00eb skuadrilje austriake n\u00eb gjirin e Kotorrit. Berchtold e shpjegon k\u00ebt\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e jashtme duke shkruar n\u00eb ditarin e tij se, n\u00ebse do t\u00eb mbyllnim vesh\u00ebt para raporteve urgjente n\u00eb rritje q\u00eb mb\u00ebrrijn\u00eb k\u00ebtu, ne jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb fitojm\u00eb m\u00ebkate serioze t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjes p\u00ebr veten ton\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb protektoratit ton\u00eb, n\u00eb rajonin shqiptar, por do t\u00eb vuaj\u00eb edhe ekuilibri i prestigjit ton\u00eb n\u00eb mes t\u00eb sllav\u00ebve t\u00eb jugut, brenda dhe jasht\u00eb kufijve tan\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a> Berchtold sugjeroi aksione jasht\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Londr\u00ebs, n\u00ebse Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk binin n\u00eb nj\u00eb mendje dhe t\u00eb detyronin Malin e Zi t\u00eb linte Shkodr\u00ebn. Ai sugjeroi se N\u00ebse Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebve nuk arrin shpejt rezultate, do t\u00eb ishte e nevojshme p\u00ebr interesat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb ne, pa marr\u00eb parasysh vendimet e diskutimeve t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs t\u00eb marrim masa t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalojm\u00eb zbarkimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb trupave n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb San Giovani di Medua.<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 22 mars, Shkodra i mbeti Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb sipas vendimit t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Po k\u00ebt\u00eb dit\u00eb, Berchtold takoi Franc Josef-in dhe i k\u00ebrkoi atij\u00a0 q\u00eb\u00a0 t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte trupa ushtarake n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr. Franc Josef i p\u00ebrgjigjet se, kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb luft\u00eb, un\u00eb nuk do ta kem at\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a> Perandori pranoi q\u00eb t\u00eb merreshin masa ushtarake. Po at\u00eb dit\u00eb Berchtold morri fjal\u00eb nga malazez\u00ebt se, ata refuzojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalojn\u00eb bombardimet ndaj Shkodr\u00ebs. M\u00eb e keqja p\u00ebr t\u2019u frik\u00ebsuar ishte,\u00a0 sepse Austria lajm\u00ebroi vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj, t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte trupa p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb kufirit nga Bosnja n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. Nj\u00eb aksion i till\u00eb sigurisht q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb madhe evropiane.<a href=\"#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\">[30]<\/a> Ambasadori anglez n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn shkruante se mund te b\u00ebhet pretekst i luft\u00ebs evropiane, nga e cila Serbia dhe Mali i Zi, zor se mund t\u00eb dalin gjall\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\">[31]<\/a> Edhe ambasadori i Franc\u00ebs n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, Dumain n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb e tij, v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb e Vjen\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i l\u00ebshuar Shkodr\u00ebn, Malit t\u00eb Zi. Ai shkruante se, gj\u00ebja e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt \u00ebsht\u00eb se, Austria nuk do t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb nga Shkodra.<a href=\"#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Frika e luft\u00ebs, i shtyu Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb, p\u00ebr ta shmangur at\u00eb. Grey i t\u00ebrhoqi v\u00ebmendjen Serbis\u00eb se, \u201c\u00e7\u00ebshtja e Shkodr\u00ebs do t\u00eb vendoset nga fuqit\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e panevojshme p\u00ebr Serbin\u00eb dhe Malin e Zi,\u00a0 t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb operacione q\u00eb duken kriminale.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn33\" name=\"_ftnref33\">[33]<\/a> N\u00eb 28 mars, Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, midis tyre edhe Rusia, e urdh\u00ebruan Malin e Zi q\u00eb t\u00eb ngrinte rrethimin e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpriste \u00e7do veprim luftarak n\u00eb tokat shqiptare. Ato kishin vendosur q\u00eb Shkodra do t\u2019i mbetej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe Mali i Zi, duhet t\u00eb zbatonte vullnetin e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. S\u00ebrish Mali i Zi nuk d\u00ebgjoi, por vazhdoi me programin e bombardimit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. N\u00eb 30 mars, Mali i Zi p\u00ebrfundoi bombardimin e qytetit dhe e sfidoi jo vet\u00ebm Austro-Hungarin\u00eb, por edhe Evrop\u00ebn. Austro-Hungaria la t\u00eb kuptohej se, ajo do t\u00eb merrte masa t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb vend vullnetin e fuqive. Austria nuk do t\u00eb cedonte p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket Shkodr\u00ebs.<a href=\"#_ftn34\" name=\"_ftnref34\">[34]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 30 mars 1913,\u00a0 Eduard Grey, Ministri i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb Anglis\u00eb,\u00a0 propozoi q\u00eb t\u00eb krijohej nj\u00eb flot\u00eb me anije nga t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat t\u00eb shkonin n\u00eb brigjet e Malit t\u00eb Zi, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb demonstrim detar.<a href=\"#_ftn35\" name=\"_ftnref35\">[35]<\/a> Grey nuk ishte dakord q\u00eb Austro-Hungaria t\u00eb vepronte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme dhe propozoi aksion t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ndaj Cetin\u00ebs.<a href=\"#_ftn36\" name=\"_ftnref36\">[36]<\/a> Ai i deklaroi Mensdorffi-it q\u00eb m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e mir\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb demonstrim detar i fuqive, n\u00eb bregdetin e Mali t\u00eb Zi.<a href=\"#_ftn37\" name=\"_ftnref37\">[37]<\/a> P\u00ebr Berchtold, demonstrim naval ishte p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar mb\u00ebshtetjen e trupave serbe, p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb rrethimin e Shkodr\u00ebs.<a href=\"#_ftn38\" name=\"_ftnref38\">[38]<\/a> Grey ishte dakord, por kjo nuk u pranua nga Franca dhe Rusia. Rusia p\u00ebr shkak se nuk kishte anije n\u00eb Mesdhe, si dhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndjenjave filo-sllave t\u00eb opinionit publik dhe Franca p\u00ebr shkak se, donte t\u00eb mbante an\u00ebn e Rusis\u00eb. Grey i shkruante Franc\u00ebs se, n\u00eb rast se d\u00ebshtonte nj\u00eb demonstrate detare, un\u00eb nuk shoh asnj\u00eb alternative p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se, t\u201di jepet mandati Italis\u00eb dhe Austris\u00eb. Do t\u00eb ishte katastrof\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb lihej Mali i Zi t\u00eb sfidonte Fuqit\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn39\" name=\"_ftnref39\">[39]<\/a> Ai ishte i mendimit se, asnj\u00eb Fuqi q\u00eb b\u00ebnte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjen lidhur me kufirin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtonte \u00e7far\u00ebdo mase q\u00eb mund t\u00eb dilte e nevojshme,\u00a0 n\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb respektohej marr\u00ebveshja.<a href=\"#_ftn40\" name=\"_ftnref40\">[40]<\/a> Megjith\u00ebse Grey ja la Rusis\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb vendoste se sa larg do t\u00eb shkonte n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjen ndaj Malit t\u00eb Zi, ai ia b\u00ebri t\u00eb qart\u00eb Sazanovit, q\u00eb n\u00eb asnj\u00eb rrethan\u00eb Britania nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej n\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr kufijt\u00eb shqiptar. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb anijet ruse ishin duke zbarkuar n\u00eb Tivar topa, 24 milion fishek\u00eb, 4000 granata, 7000 pallto dhe materiale te tjera.<a href=\"#_ftn41\" name=\"_ftnref41\">[41]<\/a> Ambasadori Austro-Hungarez n\u00eb Rusi, i hoqi v\u00ebrejtje Sazanovit, p\u00ebr furnizimin me arm\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb Sazanov nuk b\u00ebri asnj\u00eb objeksion dhe v\u00ebrejti se, kjo mas\u00eb vinte tep\u00ebr von\u00eb p\u00ebr 16 anijet q\u00eb vinin n\u00eb konsiderim, pasi sipas lajmeve t\u00eb fundit ato duhet t\u00eb kishin mb\u00ebrritur.<a href=\"#_ftn42\" name=\"_ftnref42\">[42]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Austria filloj t\u00eb ushtroj presion mbi Serbin\u00eb q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqte trupat nga Shkodra. N. Pashi\u00e7 shprehu keqardhje q\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi i Serbis\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Shkodr\u00ebs, konsiderohej si nj\u00eb akt armiq\u00ebsie ndaj Monarkis\u00eb. Ai deklaroi se n\u00eb rast se, Shkodra do t\u00eb kapitullonte qeveria serbe do t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte mbretit Nikolla, dhe se trupat e veta do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin.<a href=\"#_ftn43\" name=\"_ftnref43\">[43]<\/a> Ai pretendonte se nuk i t\u00ebrhiqte dot trupat serbe nga Shkodra, se ato ishin n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Malit t\u00eb Zi.<a href=\"#_ftn44\" name=\"_ftnref44\">[44]<\/a> <em>N\u00eb 5 prill 1913, n\u00eb nj\u00eb takim midis shefit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb, Conrad dhe ministrit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, Berchtold, ky i fundit ngriti mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e pushtimit t\u00eb Beogradit<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn45\" name=\"_ftnref45\">[45]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Grey porositi ambasadorin n\u00eb Beograd, t\u00eb k\u00ebshillonte qeverin\u00eb serbe q\u00eb t\u00eb mos i jepte Austris\u00eb asnj\u00eb pretekst, p\u00ebr t\u2019i veshur Serbis\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo lloj p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsie, dhe t\u00eb parandalohet Serbia q\u00eb t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb veprimin e Austris\u00eb. Ai vazhdonte se, veprimi i ve\u00e7uar nga ana e Austris\u00eb duket shum\u00eb i mundsh\u00ebm dhe do t\u00eb ishte e pap\u00eblqyeshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej Serbia.<a href=\"#_ftn46\" name=\"_ftnref46\">[46]<\/a> San Guliano kishte deklaruar se Austria do t\u00eb luftoj\u00eb, madje edhe ne qofte se, kjo sjell me vete nj\u00eb luft\u00eb evropiane, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar q\u00eb Shkodra t\u00eb bjer\u00eb\u00a0 n\u00eb duart e\u00a0 Malit t\u00eb Zi, nd\u00ebrsa druhet se ky veprim i ve\u00e7uar i Austris\u00eb, do ta detyroj t\u00eb vihet n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje qeveria ruse dhe lufta do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet e pashmangshme.<a href=\"#_ftn47\" name=\"_ftnref47\">[47]<\/a> Nd\u00ebrsa qeveria Gjermane mendonte se, n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb binte Shkodra, Austria kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb lejonte Malin e Zi q\u00eb ta mbante, nd\u00ebrsa Rusia kurr\u00eb nuk do te lejonte Austrin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebbonte Malin e Zi me forc\u00eb. Prandaj lufta ishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje kohe dhe meq\u00eb ishte e pashmangshme, Gjermania do t\u00eb parap\u00eblqente q\u00eb ajo, t\u00eb fillonte menj\u00ebher\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn48\" name=\"_ftnref48\">[48]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha me iniciativ\u00ebn e Grey-it, vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb b\u00ebnin s\u00eb bashku demonstrat\u00ebn detare ndaj Malit t\u00eb Zi, por k\u00ebt\u00eb po e vononte Franca.<\/em> Pishon e justifikoi k\u00ebt\u00eb me faktin q\u00eb meq\u00eb Rusia ishte aleate e Franc\u00ebs, qeveria franceze, nuk do t\u00eb mund p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb opinionit publik n\u00eb Franc\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ndjenjave t\u00eb publikut n\u00eb Rusi, t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim.<a href=\"#_ftn49\" name=\"_ftnref49\">[49]<\/a> P\u00ebrfundimisht, Franca u bind q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte trupat, pasi ndryshe kjo, do ti hapte rrug\u00ebn nj\u00eb veprimi t\u00eb nj\u00ebansh\u00ebm nga ana e Austris\u00eb<em>. N\u00eb 5 prill u b\u00eb demonstrimi detar i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, por s\u00ebrish mbreti s\u2019u t\u00ebrhoq. Flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb 10 prill 1913, vendosi\u00a0 nj\u00eb bllokad\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt t\u00eb bregdetit nga Tivari deri n\u00eb\u00a0 gryk\u00ebn e lumit Drin<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn50\" name=\"_ftnref50\">[50]<\/a> Mbreti ishte i vendosur q\u00eb me gjith\u00eb demonstrat\u00ebn detare, t\u00eb vazhdonte rezistenc\u00ebn kundra Evrop\u00ebs. Prefekti i Tivarit mori urdh\u00ebr, q\u00eb p\u00ebrkundrejt ekuipazhit t\u00eb anijeve t\u00eb tregohej shum\u00eb i sjellsh\u00ebm dhe dashamir\u00ebs, por me aktin e par\u00eb t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs, t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjej me zjarrin e topave q\u00eb qen\u00eb vendosur mbi Sutoruan dhe Valovica. Rusia e gjendur n\u00ebn presionin e Monarkis\u00eb filloj t\u2019i b\u00ebj\u00eb presion Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit t\u00eb Zi, q\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin prej Shkodr\u00ebs. <em>Cari rus i kishte deklaruar mbretit t\u00eb Mali t\u00eb Zi se,\u00a0 ai nuk duhet t\u00eb imagjinonte se do t\u00eb mbante Shkodr\u00ebn edhe sikur ajo t\u00eb kapitulloj\u00eb<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn51\" name=\"_ftnref51\">[51]<\/a> Duke\u00a0 par\u00eb\u00a0 zem\u00ebrimin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb ndaj Serbis\u00eb, kjo e fundit n\u00eb 11 prill, t\u00ebrhoqi trupat nga Shkodra dhe k\u00ebshtu u b\u00eb i pamundur,\u00a0 ndonj\u00eb aksion ndaj saj.<\/p>\n<p>Berchtold ishte i mendimit se, duke qen\u00eb q\u00eb\u00a0 bllokada nuk po jepte asnj\u00eb efekt duhej nd\u00ebrmarr nj\u00eb hap i dyt\u00eb dhe sipas mendim t\u00eb tij, ky duhet t\u00eb ishte zbarkimi i nj\u00eb force nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<a href=\"#_ftn52\" name=\"_ftnref52\">[52]<\/a> Austria donte t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte sipas Berchtoldit 40.000 trupa, sepse Austria nuk mund t\u00eb rrezikonte nj\u00eb aventur\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar.<a href=\"#_ftn53\" name=\"_ftnref53\">[53]<\/a>Sipas ambasadorit anglez n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb pozita e ministrit austriak t\u00eb pun\u00ebve t\u00eb jashtme po b\u00ebhet tep\u00ebr e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb mosveprimit, po e sulmojn\u00eb ashp\u00ebr nga t\u00eb gjitha an\u00ebt.<a href=\"#_ftn54\" name=\"_ftnref54\">[54]<\/a> Berchtold\u00a0 i propozoi Italis\u00eb aksion t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, por ajo refuzoi. Megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb 6 prill, ajo e pranoi n\u00eb parim k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e Austris\u00eb,\u00a0 p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mandat t\u00eb dy fuqive n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, por Italia sugjeronte q\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren \u201c<em>mjete t\u00eb tjera<\/em>\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn55\" name=\"_ftnref55\">[55]<\/a> Berchtold i ktheu p\u00ebrgjigje se,\u00a0 n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se,\u00a0 t\u00eb gjitha mjetet e tjera do t\u00eb d\u00ebshtonin, Kabineti i Rom\u00ebs do t\u00eb duhet nd\u00ebrkaq q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb se,\u00a0 Italia duhet q\u00eb t\u2019i kap\u00ebrcej\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb rast se, d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb shikoj\u00eb t\u00eb zbatuar programin ton\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt shqiptar. Ai vazhdonte se, p\u00ebr ta realizuar k\u00ebt\u00eb program \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme q\u00eb, si Austro-Hungaria, dhe Italia t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuara p\u00ebr zbatimin e tij n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi, do me th\u00ebn\u00eb,\u00a0 q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto Fuqi t\u00eb M\u00ebdha,\u00a0 t\u00eb ngrihen me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn energji,\u00a0 kund\u00ebr vendosjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb fuqie sllave n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Veriore,\u00a0 si dhe kund\u00ebr asaj t\u00eb nj\u00eb Greqie n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Jugut. Sipas tij, mbrojtja e programit ton\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt shqiptar, na e b\u00ebn t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm sipas rrethanave edhe p\u00ebrdorimin e masave shtr\u00ebnguese,\u00a0 kundra Malit t\u00eb Zi. Italia do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e detyruar q\u00eb t\u2019i marr\u00eb ato s\u00eb bashku me ne, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se, d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb evitoj\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet ballkanik t\u00eb arrij\u00eb t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs dhe tjetri n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn56\" name=\"_ftnref56\">[56]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> DOR\u00cbZIMI I SHKODR\u00cbS DHE MOBILIZIMI I AUSTRO-HUNGARIS\u00cb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Duke par\u00eb se gjendja n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr po b\u00ebhej emergjente, n\u00eb 22 prill Berchtold i sugjeroi Koncertit se ishte koha p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbarkuar trupa.<a href=\"#_ftn57\" name=\"_ftnref57\">[57]<\/a> Po n\u00eb 22 prill Esat Toptani thirri parin\u00eb e Shkodr\u00ebs, muhamedan\u00eb dhe t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, dhe i njoftoi se,\u00a0 ai ishte i detyruar q\u00eb ta dor\u00ebzonte qytetin.<a href=\"#_ftn58\" name=\"_ftnref58\">[58]<\/a> Esat Pasha u d\u00ebrgoi konsujve nj\u00eb not\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn njoftonte se, pas shtat\u00eb muajsh luftimesh pa asnj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb nga jasht\u00eb,\u00a0 n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi t\u00eb siguronte ushqime, t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen do t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonte qytetin dhe do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej me trupat e tij.<a href=\"#_ftn59\" name=\"_ftnref59\">[59]<\/a> R\u00ebnia e Shkodr\u00ebs ishte nj\u00eb goditje e r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn ballkanike austro-hungareze.<a href=\"#_ftn60\" name=\"_ftnref60\">[60]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 23 prill 1913, vjen n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb lajmi i dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas k\u00ebtij lajmi u mblodh K\u00ebshilli i Luft\u00ebs me Berchtold, Conrad dhe Admiralin Hause, komandantin e flot\u00ebs. Berchtold sugjeroi nj\u00eb pushtim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm t\u00eb kryeqytetit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, por u la q\u00eb t\u00eb pritej reagimi i Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgua atyre nj\u00eb telegram, ku nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera thuhej se, \u201cNe duhet t\u00eb presim q\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb vijn\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb me nj\u00eb vendim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm n\u00eb lidhje me masat shtr\u00ebnguese t\u00eb marra prej tyre. N\u00ebse Fuqit\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb vendosin t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, ne propozojm\u00eb pushtimin e porteve t\u00eb Malit te Zi,\u00a0 nga nj\u00eb fuqi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, madje dhe bombardimin e k\u00ebtyre porteve. Ne kemi nj\u00eb detyrim moral q\u00eb t\u00eb sigurojm\u00eb zbatimin e vendimeve t\u00eb Fuqive, q\u00eb u vendos\u00ebn nga nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, dhe t\u00eb detyrojm\u00eb evakuimin e Shkodr\u00ebs.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn61\" name=\"_ftnref61\">[61]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 23 prill, u mblodh\u00ebn ambasador\u00ebt e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, n\u00ebn drejtimin e kryeministrit anglez. Mensdorff paraqiti aty q\u00ebndrimin e diplomacis\u00eb s\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Ai theksoi se, \u201cme r\u00ebnien e Shkodr\u00ebs, asnj\u00eb ndryshim nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej n\u00eb caktimin e kufijve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb mbeteshin ashtu si\u00e7 ishin fiksuar, n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje midis Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. Ai k\u00ebrkoi marrjen e masave t\u00eb shpejta shtr\u00ebnguese kund\u00ebr Malit t\u00eb Zi, nga Koncerti i gjasht\u00eb Fuqive, p\u00ebr ta detyruar at\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte Shkodr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrndryshe ai e b\u00ebri t\u00eb qart\u00eb se, Vjena ishte e vendosur t\u00eb vepronte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme, duke nd\u00ebrhyr\u00eb me forc\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebbuar trupat malazeze.<a href=\"#_ftn62\" name=\"_ftnref62\">[62]<\/a> Mensdorff k\u00ebrc\u00ebnoi me nd\u00ebrhyrje ushtarake t\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb, n\u00ebse trupat malazeze nuk linin Shkodr\u00ebn.<a href=\"#_ftn63\" name=\"_ftnref63\">[63]<\/a> <em>Ambasadori anglez njoftonte nga Vjena se, po t\u00eb mos merreshin masa efikase, Berchtold kishte nd\u00ebrmend t\u2019i jepte urdhra Mensdorff-it, t\u00eb largohej fare nga nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb q\u00eb nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb siguronte respektimin e vendimeve t\u00eb saj<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn64\" name=\"_ftnref64\">[64]<\/a> <em>T\u00eb gjendur n\u00ebn presionin e Monarkis\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, dol\u00ebn me nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs: \u201cKonferenca \u00ebsht\u00eb e mendimit se qeveria malazeze, duhet t\u00eb deklaroj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kolektive se pushtimi i Shkodr\u00ebs, nuk i modifikon vendimet e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha..qyteti i Shkodr\u00ebs duhet zbrazur n\u00eb afatin m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, dhe duhet dor\u00ebzuar Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar nga komandant\u00ebt e forcave detare nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare<\/em>.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn65\" name=\"_ftnref65\">[65]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gazeta \u201c<em>Neue Freie Presse\u201d,<\/em> p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn shkruante se; Monarkia ka v\u00ebshtrimin se Shkodra duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, tani pyetja \u00ebsht\u00eb a do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb Austro-Hungaria, Malin e Zi, dhe Serbin\u00eb gjithashtu, t\u00eb pengojn\u00eb zbatimin e k\u00ebsaj politike. P\u00ebrgjigjja nuk ka dyshim edhe p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar nj\u00eb luft\u00eb parandaluese t\u00eb hapur. Shkodra nuk duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet malazeze. N\u00ebse kjo u arrit paq\u00ebsisht, jemi akoma t\u00eb bindur se mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb mir\u00eb. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se kjo q\u00eb pritet, nuk p\u00ebrmbushet, Monarkia do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb aksioni do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn66\" name=\"_ftnref66\">[66]<\/a> Kjo gazet\u00eb m\u00eb pas mori pozicionin \u201cMe Evrop\u00ebn n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur, pa Evrop\u00ebn n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme<em>.<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn67\" name=\"_ftnref67\">[67]<\/a>N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se, Fuqit\u00eb e Antant\u00ebs nuk donin t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin aksionin ushtarake, Austria ishte m\u00eb e vendosur se kurr\u00eb dhe ishte p\u00ebrgatitur q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte nj\u00eb aksion m\u00eb vete, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte edhe pushtimin e Malit t\u00eb Zi. N\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e\u00a0 Ambasador\u00ebve n\u00eb 28 prill, Mensdorff deklaroi q\u00eb, n\u00ebse Fuqit\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb merrnin masa p\u00ebr t\u00eb sjell\u00eb Malin e Zi n\u00eb kushtet e caktuara, Austria do t\u00eb detyrohej t\u00eb vepronte e vetme. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i diplomacis\u00eb austro-hungareze n\u00eb Pet\u00ebrburg, Thurn takohet me Sazanov. Thurn i deklaroi atij se, Monarkia e Danubit nuk kishte aspak d\u00ebshir\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ohej prej fuqive t\u00eb tjera, por n\u00ebse ato nuk do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrnin nj\u00eb aksion energjik, p\u00ebr Austro-Hungarin\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb mbetej rrug\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb aksioni t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, t\u00eb kujdesej vet\u00eb p\u00ebr zbatimin e marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb arritura. Sazanov iu p\u00ebrgjigj se, \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Shkodr\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb <strong><em>res judicata*<\/em><\/strong> q\u00eb nuk mund ta kthehej m\u00eb kurr\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb mbreti Nikolla duhej ta zbrazte prap\u00eb qytetin dhe nuk do t\u00eb ishte nder p\u00ebr Austrin\u00eb t\u00eb sulmonte Malin e Zi, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb disproporcionit t\u00eb forcave.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn68\" name=\"_ftnref68\">[68]<\/a> Rusia nuk pranonte q\u00eb, Austro-Hungaria t\u00eb merrte nj\u00eb mandat, q\u00eb t\u00eb vendoste n\u00eb vend vendimet e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Ambasador\u00ebve p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn. P\u00ebr Sazanov nj\u00eb mandat i till\u00eb ishte i \u201cpadiskutuesh\u00ebm\u201d. Ai theksonte \u201crrezikun e madh q\u00eb do t\u00eb sillte nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrje e till\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb b\u00ebri v\u00ebrejtje, se prej k\u00ebsaj mund t\u00eb shkaktohej nj\u00eb luft\u00eb evropiane.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn69\" name=\"_ftnref69\">[69]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Nd\u00ebrsa, Gjermania i b\u00ebri t\u00eb ditur Franc\u00ebs se durimi i Austris\u00eb kishte shteruar dhe se Evropa nuk mund ta linte Malin e Zi ta b\u00ebnte qesharak p\u00ebrpara bot\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrpara historis\u00eb. Ajo propozonte q\u00eb mandati t\u2018i jepej Austris\u00eb dhe Italis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb vend k\u00ebrkesat e Evrop\u00ebs. N\u00ebse Italia nuk e pranonte k\u00ebt\u00eb ofert\u00eb, Austria duhej t\u00eb vepronte e vetme<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn70\" name=\"_ftnref70\">[70]<\/a> Austro-Hungaria i kishte propozuar Italis\u00eb nj\u00eb aksion t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, por p\u00ebrgjigja p\u00ebrfundimtare e Rom\u00ebs ishte se, e konsideronte nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Austro-Hungarin\u00eb, kundra Malit t\u00eb Zi, si jo oportune prej pengesave t\u00eb opinionit publik dhe nuk mund t\u00eb merrte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn71\" name=\"_ftnref71\">[71]<\/a> Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrgjigja e Berchtold-it p\u00ebr Rom\u00ebn,\u00a0 ishte se,\u00a0 aksioni yn\u00eb vjen m\u00eb shum\u00eb von\u00eb, sesa her\u00ebt dhe prej q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, justifikohet plot\u00ebsisht.<a href=\"#_ftn72\" name=\"_ftnref72\">[72]<\/a> Italia nuk donte q\u00eb ta ndihmonte Austrin\u00eb p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, sepse ky qytet ishte jasht\u00eb zon\u00ebs s\u00eb interesave t\u00eb saj n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, por edhe sepse si\u00e7 e kemi p\u00ebrmendur, vajza e Nikoll\u00ebs ishte mbret\u00ebresha e Italis\u00eb, dhe ajo nuk mund t\u00eb pranonte nj\u00eb aksion ushtarak ndaj babit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n<p>Car Nikolla ishte i vendosur t\u00eb luftonte kundra Monarkis\u00eb. N\u00eb nj\u00eb bised\u00eb me ambasadorin italian n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb, mbreti dhe princi trash\u00ebgimtar u munduan t\u00eb m\u00ebsonin se, n\u00ebse n\u00eb masat shtr\u00ebnguese do t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, ose n\u00ebse do t\u2019i jepej nj\u00eb mandat Austro-Hungaris\u00eb,\u00a0 dhe kur mund t\u00eb pritej sulmi. M\u00eb von\u00eb ata i deklaruan ambasadorit italian se, me Monarkin\u00eb do t\u00eb luftohej, por nj\u00eb aksioni t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ndoshta do t\u2019i duhet t\u2019i p\u00ebrkuleshin. Sidoqoft\u00eb kundra \u00e7do detashmenti q\u00eb do t\u00eb zbarkonte, do t\u00eb hapej zjarr.<a href=\"#_ftn73\" name=\"_ftnref73\">[73]<\/a> Grey mendonte se n\u00eb rast se ai (mbreti) nuk do ta zbrazte Shkodr\u00ebn, at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ose nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, ai do t\u00eb d\u00ebbohej me siguri prej saj dhe Mali i Zi, duhet t\u00eb hiqte dore prej shpres\u00ebs, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme nga ana e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, konsekuencat e q\u00ebndrimit t\u00eb tij do t\u00eb ishin fatale.<a href=\"#_ftn74\" name=\"_ftnref74\">[74]<\/a> Ai i d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb telegram ambasadorit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb, t\u00eb cilin e urdh\u00ebroi q\u00eb t\u2019i sqaronte mbretit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe qeveris\u00eb seriozitetin e gjendjes. Austro-Hungaria ka nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb nj\u00eb aksion t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb,\u00a0 n\u00ebse Mali i Zi\u00a0 nuk do t\u2019u n\u00ebnshtrohej demarsheve q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, demarshe k\u00ebto q\u00eb Mali i Zi,\u00a0 nuk i trajton n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aspak t\u00eb urt\u00eb e nuk i trajton si tep\u00ebr t\u00eb ngutshme. Sipas tij, Austro-Hungaria nuk m\u00eb dha asnj\u00eb siguri se, ajo nuk do t\u00eb fillonte menj\u00ebher\u00eb aksionin n\u00eb rast se, Mali i Zi, nuk do t\u2019u jap\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje brenda pak dit\u00ebve k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha, at\u00ebher\u00eb Mali i Zi mund t\u00eb pres\u00eb vet\u00ebm alternativ\u00ebn e p\u00ebrmendur.<a href=\"#_ftn75\" name=\"_ftnref75\">[75]<\/a> <em>Grey i deklaroi Miushkoviq q\u00eb, Shkodra \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb,\u00a0 e un\u00eb nuk dua ta shp\u00ebrthej<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn76\" name=\"_ftnref76\">[76]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 1 maj 1913, mbreti Nikolla,\u00a0 i Malit t\u00eb Zi i hodhi posht\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha.<a href=\"#_ftn77\" name=\"_ftnref77\">[77]<\/a> Nd\u00ebrsa, n\u00eb 2 maj Mali i Zi, propozoi edhe nj\u00eb variant t\u00eb pad\u00ebgjuar p\u00ebr t\u00ebrheqjen nga Shkodra. K\u00ebshtu, pasi t\u00eb q\u00ebllonin trupat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, trupat e tij t\u00eb hapnin zjarr sa p\u00ebr dukje, t\u00eb manifestohej violenca e Evrop\u00ebs dhe pas k\u00ebsaj ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkulej m\u00eb leht\u00eb. Ambasadori austro-hungarez raportonte se, \u201ce refuzova k\u00ebt\u00eb lod\u00ebr kriminale.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn78\" name=\"_ftnref78\">[78]<\/a> N\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, u morr vendim se, kundra \u00e7do aksioni ushtarak, pra, edhe kundra zbarkimit t\u00eb detashmenteve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb duhej b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb rezistenc\u00eb deri n\u00eb fund.<a href=\"#_ftn79\" name=\"_ftnref79\">[79]<\/a> Sazanov ishte i mendimit se, Nikolla \u201ck\u00ebrkon konflikt dhe p\u00ebrleshje me trupat austro-hungareze, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb, t\u00eb provokoj\u00eb komplikacione t\u00eb k\u00ebqija.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn80\" name=\"_ftnref80\">[80]<\/a> Mali i Zi vazhdonte t\u00eb ngulte k\u00ebmb\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebn, dhe nuk i merrte fare n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb as k\u00ebshillat e Fuqive e M\u00ebdha, por as edhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Kjo sepse, ai mbante shpres\u00eb tek p\u00ebrkrahja e Rusis\u00eb, dhe sepse ai e njihte situat\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, q\u00eb nj\u00eb provokim mund t\u00eb \u00e7onte n\u00eb lufte midis Fuqive, dhe ato do donin ta shmangnin at\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, ai e shfryt\u00ebzonte ket\u00eb situate n\u00eb favorin e vet. Meq\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha do t\u00eb\u00a0 b\u00ebnin gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur luft\u00ebn, ai i sfidonte ato duke mbajtur Shkodr\u00ebn.<\/p>\n<p>Berchtold mendoi se prestigji i Austris\u00eb varej nga mbajtja e Shkodr\u00ebs p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, dhe nd\u00ebrsa situata u b\u00eb m\u00eb e tensionuar, Berchtold k\u00ebrc\u00ebnoi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorte forc\u00eb p\u00ebr t&#8217;i dh\u00ebn\u00eb malazez\u00ebve t\u00eb ngrinin rrethimin e qytetit.<a href=\"#_ftn81\" name=\"_ftnref81\">[81]<\/a> P\u00ebr shkak te q\u00ebndrimit kok\u00ebfort\u00eb t\u00eb mbretit Nikolla, Monarkia Hapsburge ndryshoi strategji dhe vendosi t\u00eb fuste trupat n\u00eb Bosnje Hercegovin\u00eb dhe Dalmaci, me statusin e gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb ushtarake dhe i \u00e7oj nj\u00eb ultimatum Malit t\u00eb Zi.<a href=\"#_ftn82\" name=\"_ftnref82\">[82]<\/a> K\u00ebshtu n\u00eb Austri, m\u00eb 2 maj u mbajt mbledhja e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb, t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiteshin p\u00ebr luft\u00eb me Malin e Zi. N\u00eb mbledhjen e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave, Berchtold nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerash tha; \u201cShkodra \u00ebsht\u00eb sot \u00e7el\u00ebsi i programit ton\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan. Shkaqet jan\u00eb k\u00ebto:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pa k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet, sipas krejt autoriteteve shqiptare, as q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfytyrohej ekzistenca e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, vitaliteti i saj. Prandaj me humbjen e saj, duhej t\u00eb hiqej dor\u00eb nga nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e pavarur.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00eb rast se Shkodra do t\u00eb binte n\u00ebn posedimin e Malit t\u00eb Zi, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb frika se, skela e tij natyrore, Sh\u00ebngjini, me kalimin e koh\u00ebs nuk do t\u00eb qe n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb n\u00eb posedimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb Mali i Zi do t\u00eb fitonte nj\u00eb skel\u00eb t\u00eb re, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, ai duke marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb ndihm\u00ebn q\u00eb iu dha prej serb\u00ebve n\u00eb aksionin e Shkodr\u00ebs, p\u00ebrkundrejt nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrblimi mund t\u2019ua linte serb\u00ebve dhe k\u00ebshtu k\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit, kundra vullnetit ton\u00eb do t\u00eb ngulen me gjith\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb n\u00eb Adriatik.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet inkorporimit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, serb\u00ebve do t\u2019u jepej nj\u00eb tok\u00eb thjesht shqiptare dhe k\u00ebshtu, serbizimi do t\u00eb shtrihej p\u00ebrtej kufijve t\u00eb tij etnik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb tre pikat, programi yn\u00eb ballkanik \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur ngusht\u00eb me fatin e Shkodr\u00ebs q\u00eb brenda dhe jasht\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr ne nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje prestigji. Sipas tij, ne jemi para alternativ\u00ebs, ose t\u00eb heqim dor\u00eb prej programit ton\u00eb ballkanik dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyre t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrfillim jo vet\u00ebm interesat politike vitale p\u00ebr Monarkin\u00eb, por t\u00eb v\u00ebm\u00eb n\u00eb loj\u00eb dhe prestigjin e saj. Ai ishte i mendimit se, bllokada nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nuk ia arriti q\u00ebllimit t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye ne ju drejtuam qeveris\u00eb italiane me komunikim se, n\u00eb rast se demarshi kolektiv n\u00eb Cetin\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb sillte asnj\u00eb rezultat pozitiv, dhe Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha nuk do t\u00eb binin dakord mbi marrjen e masave t\u00eb efektshme, at\u00ebher\u00eb na mbeteshin dy alternativa, ose luft\u00eb me Malin e Zi, ose nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim ushtarak me Italin\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte si q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb detyronte Malin e Zi t\u00eb zbrazte Shkodr\u00ebn. Italia dha t\u00eb kuptohej se, nuk mund ta shihte veten t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb shqyrtim nj\u00eb ekspedit\u00eb ushtarake atje. Por kaq \u00ebsht\u00eb se sigurt se, ne duhet t\u00eb llogaritim mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb konflikti me Malin e Zi dhe duhet mbajtur parasysh se,\u00a0 Italia nuk do ta pranonte me qejf nj\u00eb prishje t\u00eb ekuilibrit dhe Rusia do t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb luft\u00eb me ne.<a href=\"#_ftn83\" name=\"_ftnref83\">[83]<\/a> K\u00ebshilli vendosi t\u00eb th\u00ebrriste n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim rezervist\u00ebt jo aktive n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb, Hercegovin\u00eb dhe Dalmaci dhe dh\u00ebnien e 5 milion croun, p\u00ebr forcimin e mbrojtjes n\u00eb gjirin e Kotorrit.<a href=\"#_ftn84\" name=\"_ftnref84\">[84]<\/a> K\u00ebto masa n\u00eb fakt mobilizonin forcat e armatosura t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, kundra Malit t\u00eb Zi, edhe pse fjala mobilizim, nuk ishte p\u00ebrdorur specifikisht. Fakti q\u00eb, Austro-Hungaria vendosi mobilizimin e ushtris\u00eb, do t\u00eb thoshte luft\u00eb, dhe kjo shkaktoi panik n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. M\u00eb 3 maj, Giesel informoi Vjen\u00ebn q\u00eb, <em>Mali i Zi <\/em>do t\u00eb deklaroj\u00eb publikisht dor\u00ebzimin e Shkodr\u00ebs n\u00eb dit\u00ebt n\u00eb vazhdim, por Giesel rekomandoi q\u00eb t\u2019i b\u00ebhej ultimatumi.<a href=\"#_ftn85\" name=\"_ftnref85\">[85]<\/a> N\u00eb nat\u00ebn e 3 majit, Giesel u udh\u00ebzua q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhej gati p\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb keqen, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve diplomatike, i ishte th\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb besonte mbrojtjen e legat\u00ebs dhe mbrojtjen e bashk\u00ebkomb\u00ebsve austro-hungarez, tek Eckardt, n\u00eb ambasad\u00ebn gjermane.<a href=\"#_ftn86\" name=\"_ftnref86\">[86]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Mobilizimi ushtarak i Austris\u00eb dhe nota q\u00eb ju \u00e7ua Malit t\u00eb Zi, shkaktuan shqet\u00ebsim tek Fuqit\u00eb dhe M\u00ebdha, dhe tek opinioni publik i tyre. San Guliano i deklaroi Berchtoldit se, n\u00ebse Vjena pushtonte Lov\u00e7en, ose territore t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, Roma do t\u00eb ishte e obliguar t\u00eb pushtonte Vlor\u00ebn, ose mund\u00ebsisht porte t\u00eb tjera shqiptare.<a href=\"#_ftn87\" name=\"_ftnref87\">[87]<\/a> Ai e mb\u00ebshteti k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim duke filluar p\u00ebrgatitjen ushtarake.<a href=\"#_ftn88\" name=\"_ftnref88\">[88]<\/a> E vetmja form\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimi p\u00ebr Italin\u00eb ishte q\u00eb nd\u00ebrsa Austria t\u00eb operonte n\u00eb Veri ata t\u00eb operonim n\u00eb Jug.<a href=\"#_ftn89\" name=\"_ftnref89\">[89]<\/a> San Guliani qortoj Berchtoldin se, artikulli shtat\u00eb i Aleanc\u00ebs Treshe nuk e lejonte q\u00eb Monarkia Dualiste t\u00eb vepronte, pa miratimin italian. N\u00ebse Vjena do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend nj\u00eb aksion unlitarel kundra Mali t\u00eb Zi, dukej qart\u00eb se Italia do t\u00eb merrte Vlor\u00ebn.<a href=\"#_ftn90\" name=\"_ftnref90\">[90]<\/a>Italia e shikonte \u00e7\u00ebshtjen thjesht nga pik\u00ebpamja e p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimit territorial dhe k\u00ebrkonte justifikim q\u00eb t\u00eb pushtonte pik\u00ebrisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, q\u00eb ishte shkaku p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Austria, k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb luft\u00eb me Malin e Zi.<\/p>\n<p>Nd\u00ebrsa Pishon, ministri i jasht\u00ebm francez mendonte se, \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje evropiane dhe se fuqit\u00eb vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb muajin dhjetor q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet si shtet autonom, me garancin\u00eb dhe kontrollin e tyre. Asnj\u00eb nga ato nuk ka denoncuar akordin e arritur k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, ato duhet t\u00eb ndjekin me besnik\u00ebri ekzekutimin. Sipas tij, n\u00ebse qeverit\u00eb austriake dhe italiane pretendojn\u00eb t\u00eb zbarkojn\u00eb trupat e tyre n\u00eb tok\u00ebn shqiptare, <em>Fuqit\u00eb e tjera duhet t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb operacionin ushtarak,\u00a0 p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb karakterin evropian dhe provizor pushtimit<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn91\" name=\"_ftnref91\">[91]<\/a>\u00a0 N\u00eb 4 maj,\u00a0 edhe Sazanov deklarohet kundra nd\u00ebrhyrjes ushtarake n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Sipas tij Shkodra i intereson fuqive sepse nd\u00ebrton nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeje tjet\u00ebr, at\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja p\u00ebr okupimin e p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, nuk do t\u00eb ishte logjike t\u00eb ekzaminonim <em>pushtimin provizor, me trupa nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn92\" name=\"_ftnref92\">[92]<\/a> Pra, Franca dhe Rusia d\u00ebshironin t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb operacion ushtarak,\u00a0 p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos e l\u00ebn\u00eb vet\u00ebm Monarkin\u00eb,\u00a0 me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb, ajo t\u00eb mos fitonte terren n\u00eb politik\u00ebn ballkanike.<\/p>\n<p>Shteti malazez e vler\u00ebsoi seriozisht k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin austro-hungarez. Ai b\u00ebri p\u00ebrforcime n\u00eb zonat kufitare e ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e n\u00eb Nikshiq,\u00a0 dhe n\u00eb pika t\u00eb tjera strategjike n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhej sulmi eventual austro-hungarez.<a href=\"#_ftn93\" name=\"_ftnref93\">[93]<\/a> P\u00ebrball\u00eb veprimit austriak, Sazonov ishte duke punuar shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar paqen dhe prestigjin e Rusis\u00eb. Ai i d\u00ebrgoi telegram Benckendorff n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, duke e udh\u00ebzuar at\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nxis\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb kund\u00ebr k\u00ebrkesave austriake. Ai b\u00ebri thirrje Cetin\u00ebs, duke u ankuar se malazez\u00ebt nuk e kuptonin rrezikun e situat\u00ebs. Ai i tha Benckendorff, &#8220;Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e interesave t\u00eb ngushta t\u00eb dinastis\u00eb dhe qeveris\u00eb malazeze, as t\u00eb marr\u00ebzive t\u00eb tyre, por t\u00eb interesit suprem t\u00eb paqes evropiane&#8221;.<a href=\"#_ftn94\" name=\"_ftnref94\">[94]<\/a> <em>Rusia, tha ai, nuk ishte e gatshme t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb &#8220;fillimin e nj\u00eb lufte bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb Mbreti Nikolla t\u00eb gatuaj nj\u00eb om\u00eblet\u00eb<\/em>&#8220;<a href=\"#_ftn95\" name=\"_ftnref95\">[95]<\/a> Konferenca dukej e paaft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur problemin e Shkodr\u00ebs, por pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb momentin kur Austria vendosi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb ultimatum n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, mbreti malazez vendosi t\u00eb hiqte dor\u00eb.<a href=\"#_ftn96\" name=\"_ftnref96\">[96]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb mbledhjen e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi t\u00eb mbajtur n\u00eb 3 dhe 4 maj, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e udh\u00ebhoqi vet mbreti Nikolla, u analizua gjendja e p\u00ebrgjithshme dhe pas shum\u00eb diskutimeve fjal\u00ebn e mori mbreti Nikolla, i cili deklaroi se: Kam vendosur ta pi deri n\u00eb fund got\u00ebn e helmit, jam i detyruar t\u00eb l\u00ebshoj Shkodr\u00ebn, \u00ebndrr\u00ebn e rinis\u00eb sime, Shkodr\u00ebn e kuror\u00ebzuar me mij\u00ebra varre t\u00eb ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb mi m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, Shkodr\u00ebn, pasurin\u00eb e ligjshme t\u00eb vet Malit t\u00eb Zi\u201d. \u201cNuk ka asnj\u00eb fije shprese lidhur me Shkodr\u00ebn kur t\u00ebr\u00eb Evropa q\u00ebndron n\u00eb an\u00ebn e kund\u00ebrt. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye nga dy t\u00eb k\u00ebqija t\u00eb zgjedhim m\u00eb t\u00eb vogl\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebtojm\u00eb p\u00ebrher\u00eb atdheun ton\u00eb t\u00eb dashur.<a href=\"#_ftn97\" name=\"_ftnref97\">[97]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 5 maj 1913, Ser Eduart Grey mori nj\u00eb telegram nga Cetina q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante nj\u00eb mesazh t\u00eb mbretit Nikolla, drejtuar Grey-it, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin lartmadh\u00ebria e tij mbas disa frazash t\u00eb bukura dhe heroike, n\u00eb fund deklaronte se, \u201cfatin e Shkodr\u00ebs e l\u00ebshoj n\u00eb duart e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn98\" name=\"_ftnref98\">[98]<\/a> N\u00eb 14 maj 1913, flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mori kontrollin e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe ajo u b\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb pa luft\u00eb m\u00eb arm\u00eb, por me luft\u00eb diplomatike. Misioni i hyrjes se trupave t\u00eb Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha u drejtua nga Anglia dhe Berchtold sqaroi katolik\u00ebt e Shkodr\u00ebs se, roli drejtues i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb aksionin p\u00ebr okupimin e Shkodr\u00ebs, nuk donte t\u00eb thoshte aspak se, ky aksion duhet t\u00eb mbante vet\u00ebm vul\u00ebn angleze, por duhej v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje karakteri i tij nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Qeveria e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb u dha r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb fakteve q\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri karshi Evrop\u00ebs, t\u00eb eliminohej p\u00ebrshtypja sikur Monarkia ndiqte plane egoiste. Austro-Hungaria manifeston si m\u00eb par\u00eb interesin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjall\u00eb p\u00ebr forcimin e begatin\u00eb e shtetit t\u00eb pavarur shqiptar.<a href=\"#_ftn99\" name=\"_ftnref99\">[99]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>K\u00ebshtu, me nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim lufte, Austria e bindi mbretin malazez t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej nga Shkodra. N\u00eb nj\u00eb raport sekret t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme austro-hungareze, n\u00eb lidhje me kriz\u00ebn e Shkodr\u00ebs, parashtroheshin edhe arsyet e v\u00ebrteta, q\u00eb e detyruan Austro-Hungarin\u00eb t\u00eb merrte masa ekstreme ndaj Malit t\u00eb Zi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb raport shkruhej se, veprimtaria jon\u00eb energjike qe urdh\u00ebruar nga fakti se, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt v\u00ebnia n\u00eb jet\u00eb e vendimeve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs, do t\u00eb ishte e diskutueshme, dhe krijimi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb faktikisht do t\u00eb ishte iluzion.<a href=\"#_ftn100\" name=\"_ftnref100\">[100]<\/a>Kriza e Shkodr\u00ebs demonstroj nj\u00eb limitim t\u00eb diplomacis\u00eb s\u00eb\u00a0 Koncertit p\u00ebrball nj\u00eb fuqie t\u00eb vog\u00ebl sfiduese.<a href=\"#_ftn101\" name=\"_ftnref101\">[101]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>KONKLUZIONET<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Shkodra ishte synimi kryesor anekses i Mali t\u00eb Zi\u00a0 gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Ballkanike n\u00eb vitet 1912-1913. Mbreti Nikolla, e rrethoi Shkodr\u00ebn dhe e mbajti gjasht\u00eb muaj t\u00eb rrethuar, pasi trupat osmane, s\u00eb bashku me ato shqiptare, i rezistuan sulmeve malazeze. N\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e Ambasadoreve\u00a0 n\u00eb 22 mars, Shkodra ju caktua Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me insistimin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb qe u detyrua t\u00eb l\u00ebshoj Gjakov\u00ebn dhe Dibr\u00ebn, me qellim q\u00eb t\u00eb siguronte Shkodr\u00ebn p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.\u00a0 Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha organizuan nj\u00eb demonstrat\u00eb detare q\u00eb Mali i Zi, as e mori fare seriozisht. M\u00eb 22 prill, Esat Toptani ja dor\u00ebzoi Shkodr\u00ebn trupave malazeze dhe kjo shkaktoi nj\u00eb reagim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme t\u00eb Austris\u00eb, qe mori masa t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme pa konsensusin e Fuqive t\u00eb M\u00ebdha. N\u00eb 2 maj t\u00eb vitit 1913, n\u00eb mbledhjen e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb u vendos q\u00eb t\u00eb mobilizohej ushtria dhe ti \u00e7ohej nj\u00eb telegram paralajm\u00ebrues Malit te Zi. Brenda dat\u00ebs 5 maj, Nikolla duke marr\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebshillat dhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet nga ana e Fuqive t\u00eb tjera, u detyrua te dor\u00ebzohej dhe Shkodra ti mbetej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biblografia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Haus und Hof Staatsarchiv, Wien, Politisches Archiv, Albanien (HHStA, PA, A). N\u00eb Arkivi Institutit t\u00eb Historis\u00eb\u00a0( AIH). Viti 1912<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>HHStA, PA, A, n\u00eb AIH, vj. 22-1-165<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>HHStA, PA. A, nr. 4355, n\u00eb AIH vj. 22-23-2378<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>OUA, \u00d6sterreich-Ungarns, Aussenpolitik von der bosnischen krise 1908 bis zum kriegsausbruch 1914, Vienna 1930( Dokumente t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme Austro-Hungareze t\u00eb viteve 1908- 1914 ). N\u00eb AIH dosja A 41-42. Viti 1913<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>OUA,\u00a0 nr. 6721<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>OUA, nr. 6755<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>OUA, nr. 6812<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>OUA, nr. 6795<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>AQSH, F.\u00a0 1501-6, Arkivi i Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme Italian\u00eb, dosja 58, viti 1913<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>DDF, ( Document Diplomatique Fran\u00e7aise) Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; Vellimi II, 3 decembre 1912- 10 gusht 1913<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Dokumente Britanike p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, 1912-1913, Muhamet Shatri, Tiran\u00eb 2012.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 dhjetor 1912-10 gusht 1913<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>BISCHOF, Gunther, PELNIKA, Anton, GEHLER, Michael; &#8211; Austrian forign policy in historical contect. Transaction Publisher 2006.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>BICAJ, Isa &#8211; Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-malazeze 1881-1914, Prishtin\u00eb 2003.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>BRIDGE F.R. and BULLEN, Roger, The Great Powers and the European State System 1814-1914, Published New York 2005, second edition.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><em><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A, n\u00eb AIH, vj. 22-1-165;\u00a0 Zambaur p\u00ebr Berchtold , Shkod\u00ebr, 28 tetor 1912.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><em><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Zekiria Cana,\u00a0 Politika e Serbis\u00eb kundrejt \u00e7\u00ebshtjes shqiptare1903- 1913, Prishtin\u00eb 2006, f. 315<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><em><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA. A, nr. 4355, n\u00eb AIH vj. 22-23-2378; Berchtold p\u00ebr Cetin\u00eb, Budapest, Vjen\u00eb 10 n\u00ebntor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><em><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/em><\/a>Richard Cooper Hall, Austria-Hungary and northern Albanian frontiers 1912-1913, Ohio State University 1974. f.31<\/p>\n<p>*e zonja p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><em><strong>[5]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty f. 39; Alessandro Duce, L\u2019Albania nei rapporti italo-austriaci 1897-1913, Milano 1983,f. 319<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><em><strong>[6]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A, n\u00eb AIH vj 22-24-2442; Berchtold\u00a0\u00a0p\u00ebr\u00a0Giesel, Vjen\u00eb 17 n\u00ebntor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><em><strong>[7]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A, n\u00eb AIH vj 22-24-2449; Gisel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 17 n\u00ebntor 1912.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><em><strong>[8]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A, nr. 4537, n\u00eb AIH, vj 22-24-2478, Berchtold p\u00ebr Giesel, Cetin\u00eb 21 n\u00ebntor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><em><strong>[9]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA. A, nr. 4539, n\u00eb AIH vj 22-24-2480, Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold , Cetin\u00eb\u00a0 21 n\u00ebntor 1912.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><em><strong>[10]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA. A, nr. 4609, n\u00eb AIH vj 22-25-2514; Raport nga Giesel, Cetin\u00eb 25 n\u00ebntor 1912; Si dhe HHStA, PA, A; nr. 4576, n\u00eb AIH vj 22-24-2500; Gisel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 23 n\u00ebntor 1912.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\"><em><strong>[11]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Edit Durham, Nj\u00ebzet\u00eb vjet ngat\u00ebrresa Ballkanike, Tiran\u00eb 2001, f. 250.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\"><em><strong>[12]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A; nr. 4653,\u00a0 n\u00eb AIH vj 22-25-2539, Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 27 n\u00ebntor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><em><strong>[13]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A; nr. 4678, n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH vj 22-25-2554, Raport i Giesel, Cetin\u00eb 28 n\u00ebntor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\"><em><strong>[14]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 4733, n\u00eb AIH A. 41-42,\u00a0 f. 9-16;\u00a0 Relacioni i Giesel, Cetin\u00eb, 1 dhjetor 1912<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><em><strong>[15]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben Puto, Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb tryezat e diplomacis\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb 2008,f . 57<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\"><em><strong>[16]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 57<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><em><strong>[17]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty,\u00a0 f. 72<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\"><em><strong>[18]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty,\u00a0 f. 57<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\"><em><strong>[19]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Alessandro Duce, L\u2019Albania nei rapport italo-austriaci..f. 318.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\"><em><strong>[20]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben\u00a0 Puto,\u00a0 Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb..f. 57.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\"><em><strong>[21]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 60.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\"><em><strong>[22]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty , f. 61.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\"><em><strong>[23]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Hortense von Zambaur, Rrethimi i Shkodr\u00ebs, 10 tetor 1912-22 prill 1913, Shkod\u00ebr 2006, f. 54 ; Edit Durham. Lufta p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, Shkod\u00ebr 2005, f. 20.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\"><em><strong>[24]<\/strong><\/em><\/a>DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 dhjetor 1912-10 gusht 1913; nr. 172, f. 111, Tel i Jonnart p\u00ebr ambasador\u00ebt n\u00eb Fuqit\u00eb e M\u00ebdha, Paris 20 mars 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\"><em><strong>[25]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Edit Durham, Lufta p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn.. f. 192.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\"><em><strong>[26]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty,\u00a0 f. 250.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\"><em><strong>[27]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Richard Cooper Hall, Austria-Hungary and northern Albanian frontiers.., f. 72<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\"><em><strong>[28]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 69.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\"><em><strong>[29]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 74.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\"><em><strong>[30]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Herbert Adams Gibbons, New Map of Europe, 1911-1914, New Jork The Century .CO 1914, f. 359.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\"><em><strong>[31]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Zekiria Cana,\u00a0 Politika e Serbis\u00eb\u00a0 kundrejt \u00e7\u00ebshtjes shqiptare..f. 386.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\"><em><strong>[32]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 dhjetor 1912-10 gusht 1913; nr. 160, f. 10, Tel i Dumaine p\u00ebr Jonnart, Vjen\u00eb 11 mars 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\"><em><strong>[33]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Eduar Grey, Memoires de Edward Grey, Paris 1927, f. 252.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\"><em><strong>[34]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> AQSH, F. 151, dosja nr. 13, Dumain, p\u00ebr Jonnart MPJ t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, Vjen\u00eb 11 mars 1913, f. 1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\"><em><strong>[35]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Rusia nuk mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb demonstrimin detar.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\"><em><strong>[36]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben Puto, Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb tryezat e diplomacis\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb 2008; f. 82.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\"><em><strong>[37]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 82.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\"><em><strong>[38]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Milan Vego, Austria-Hungarian naval polici 1904-1914, Published in Great Britain 1996, f.151.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\"><em><strong>[39]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Dokumente Britanike p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, 1912-1913, Muhamet Shatri, Tiran\u00eb 2012, f. 380.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\"><em><strong>[40]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 389.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\"><em><strong>[41]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6416, n\u00eb AIH,\u00a0 A 41-42,\u00a0 f. 30; Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 2 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\"><em><strong>[42]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr, 6500, n\u00eb AIH,\u00a0 A 41-42,\u00a0 f. 15, Thurn p\u00ebr Berchtold, Pet\u00ebrburg\u00a0 7 prill 1913 .<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\"><em><strong>[43]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6443,\u00a0 n\u00eb AIH A 41-42, f. 7, Ugron p\u00ebr Berchtold , Beograd 4 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\"><em><strong>[44]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben\u00a0 Puto, Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb..f. 83.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref45\" name=\"_ftn45\"><em><strong>[45]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Richard Cooper Hall, Austria-Hungary and northern Albanian frontiers..f. 78<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref46\" name=\"_ftn46\"><em><strong>[46]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Dokumente Britanike p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare,.. f. 485.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref47\" name=\"_ftn47\"><em><strong>[47]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 384.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref48\" name=\"_ftn48\"><em><strong>[48]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 419.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref49\" name=\"_ftn49\"><em><strong>[49]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 398.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref50\" name=\"_ftn50\"><em><strong>[50]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 425.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref51\" name=\"_ftn51\"><em><strong>[51]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6501, n\u00eb AIH A 41-42. f. 15; Thurn p\u00ebr Berchtold, Peterburg 7 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref52\" name=\"_ftn52\"><em><strong>[52]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Dokumente Britanike p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare, 1912-1913..f. 447.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref53\" name=\"_ftn53\"><em><strong>[53]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 448.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref54\" name=\"_ftn54\"><em><strong>[54]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 414.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref55\" name=\"_ftn55\"><em><strong>[55]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A; n\u00eb AIH, vj 23-24-2421, Merey p\u00ebr Berchtold,\u00a0 Rom\u00eb\u00a0 6 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref56\" name=\"_ftn56\"><em><strong>[56]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> HHStA, PA, A;\u00a0 n\u00eb AIH, vj 23-24-2401, Berchtold p\u00ebr Merey, Vjen\u00eb 7 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref57\" name=\"_ftn57\"><em><strong>[57]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Richard Cooper Hall, Austria-Hungary and northern Albanian frontiers..f. 80.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref58\" name=\"_ftn58\"><em><strong>[58]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Hortense von Zambaur, Rrethimi i Shkodr\u00ebs, 10 tetor 1912-22 prill 1913, Shkod\u00ebr 2006, f. 120<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref59\" name=\"_ftn59\"><em><strong>[59]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 120.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref60\" name=\"_ftn60\"><em><strong>[60]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> A. F. Pribram, Austrian Foreign Policy, 1908-18, London 1923, f. 44<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref61\" name=\"_ftn61\"><em><strong>[61]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6717; n\u00eb AIH A 41-42, f. 38-39; Mbledhje midis Berchtold, Conrad dhe admirali flot\u00ebs Hause, dat\u00eb 23 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref62\" name=\"_ftn62\"><em><strong>[62]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben Puto, Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb..f. 86.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\"><em><strong>[63]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Alessandro Duce, L\u2019Albania nei rapporti Italo-Austriaci..f. 325.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref64\" name=\"_ftn64\"><em><strong>[64]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Arben\u00a0 Puto,\u00a0 Pavar\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb..f. 87.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref65\" name=\"_ftn65\"><\/a>\u00a0<em><strong>[65]<\/strong><\/em> OUA,\u00a0 nr. 6721, n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH A 41-42, f. 39; Mensdorff p\u00ebr Berchtoldit, Lond\u00ebr 23 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref66\" name=\"_ftn66\"><em><strong>[66]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Richard Cooper Hall, Austria-Hungary and northern Albanian frontiers.. f. 81.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref67\" name=\"_ftn67\"><em><strong>[67]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 82<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref68\" name=\"_ftn68\"><\/a>* gj\u00eb e gjykuar<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>[68]<\/strong><\/em> OUA, nr. 6755, n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42, f. 44,\u00a0 Thurn p\u00ebr Berchtold, 24 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref69\" name=\"_ftn69\"><em><strong>[69]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6812; n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42, f. 55,\u00a0 Thurn p\u00ebr Berchtold, Peterburg 28 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref70\" name=\"_ftn70\"><em><strong>[70]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Raymond Poincare, Le Balkan on feu, N\u00eb Lufta e Par\u00eb dhe e dyt\u00eb Ballknike si dhe Konferenca e Londr\u00ebs 1912-1913, Tiran\u00eb 2009, f. 484.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref71\" name=\"_ftn71\"><em><strong>[71]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6795, n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42, f.51;\u00a0 Merey p\u00ebr Berchtold, Rom\u00eb 27 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref72\" name=\"_ftn72\"><em><strong>[72]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6852, n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42, f. 63-64; Berchtold p\u00ebr Merey, Vjen\u00eb 1 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref73\" name=\"_ftn73\"><em><strong>[73]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6821, n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42,\u00a0 f. 56;\u00a0 Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 29 prill 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref74\" name=\"_ftn74\"><em><strong>[74]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6848, n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42,\u00a0 f. 61-62; Mensdorff p\u00ebr Berchtold,\u00a0 Lond\u00ebr 1 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref75\" name=\"_ftn75\"><em><strong>[75]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6850 n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42,\u00a0 f. 63; Mensdorff p\u00ebr Berchtold, Lond\u00ebr 1 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref76\" name=\"_ftn76\"><em><strong>[76]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> P. Popovitch, Le Montenegro et la questione de Scutari, Geneve, Bibloteka Komb\u00ebtare Shqiptare, 80T 23; f. 11.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref77\" name=\"_ftn77\"><em><strong>[77]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6835 AIH; A 41-42 , f. 58-59; Berchtold p\u00ebr Sazanov; Vjen\u00eb 1 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref78\" name=\"_ftn78\"><em><strong>[78]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6799;\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42, f. 51; Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb\u00a0 28 prill 1913 .<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref79\" name=\"_ftn79\"><em><strong>[79]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6865 AIH; A 41-42, f .67;\u00a0\u00a0 Giesel p\u00ebr\u00a0 Berchtold, Cetin\u00eb 2 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref80\" name=\"_ftn80\"><em><strong>[80]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 decembre 1912-10 gusht 1913; nr. 278, f. 179,\u00a0 Doulcet per Pichon, Pet\u00ebrburg 1 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref81\" name=\"_ftn81\">[81]<\/a> Rosemary C. Tompkins, Anglo-Russian diplomatic relations 1907-1914,Texas 1975, f. 282<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref82\" name=\"_ftn82\"><em><strong>[82]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Gunther Bischof, Anton Pelinka, Michael Gehler, Austrian forign policy in historical context, Transaction Publisher 2006, f. 88.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref83\" name=\"_ftn83\"><em><strong>[83]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6870; n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42, 68-71; Protokoll i K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Ministrave t\u00eb Monarkis\u00eb Habsburge n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Berchtold, Vjen\u00eb 2 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref84\" name=\"_ftn84\"><em><strong>[84]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Milan Vego, Austria-Hungarian naval polici 1904-1914, Great Britain 1996, f.153.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref85\" name=\"_ftn85\"><em><strong>[85]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6873, n\u00eb\u00a0 AIH; A 41-42, f. 71-72; Giesel p\u00ebr Berchtold; Vjen\u00eb 3 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref86\" name=\"_ftn86\"><em><strong>[86]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> John, D. Treadway, The falcon and the eagle..f. 150.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref87\" name=\"_ftn87\"><em><strong>[87]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty\u00a0 f. 149.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref88\" name=\"_ftn88\"><em><strong>[88]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Po aty, f. 149.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref89\" name=\"_ftn89\"><em><strong>[89]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> AQSH, F.\u00a0 1501-6, Arkivi i Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme Italian\u00eb, dosja 58, viti 1913, Avarna p\u00ebr San Gulianon, Vjen\u00eb 5 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref90\" name=\"_ftn90\"><em><strong>[90]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Milan Vego, Austria-Hungarian naval polici 1904-1914,..f.153.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref91\" name=\"_ftn91\"><em><strong>[91]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 decembre 1912-10 gusht 1913; nr. 289, f. 186, Pichon per Cambon, Paris 4 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref92\" name=\"_ftn92\"><em><strong>[92]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> DDF, Les Affaires Balkaniques 1912-1914; V\u00ebllimi II, 3 decembre 1912- 10 gusht 1913; nr. 92, f. 187, Not\u00eb e ambasad\u00ebs ruse, Paris\u00a0 4 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref93\" name=\"_ftn93\"><em><strong>[93]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Isa Bicaj, Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-malazeze 1881-1914, Prishtin\u00eb 2003, f. 166.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref94\" name=\"_ftn94\">[94]<\/a> Rosemary C. Tompkins, Anglo-Russian Diplomatic Relations 1907-1914, Texas 1975, f.287<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref95\" name=\"_ftn95\">[95]<\/a> Po aty, f. 298-299<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref96\" name=\"_ftn96\">[96]<\/a> Po aty, f.287<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref97\" name=\"_ftn97\"><em><strong>[97]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> Isa Bicaj, Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet shqiptaro-malazeze 1881-1914, Prishtin\u00eb 2003, f. 167.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref98\" name=\"_ftn98\"><em><strong>[98]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 6908, n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42, f .76, Mensdorff p\u00ebr Berchtold, Lond\u00ebr 5 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref99\" name=\"_ftn99\"><em><strong>[99]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, nr. 7003, n\u00eb AIH; A 41-42, f. 89; Berchtold p\u00ebr Zambaur, Vjen\u00eb 12 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref100\" name=\"_ftn100\"><em><strong>[100]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> OUA, n\u00eb AIH, vj 23-34-3447; Raport sekret i Vjen\u00ebs, 13 maj 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref101\" name=\"_ftn101\"><em><strong>[101]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> F.R.Bridge and Roger Bullen, The Great Powers and the European State System 1814-1914, New York 2005, second edition f. 322.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7\u00cbSHTJA E SHKODR\u00cbS DHE AUSTRIA-HUNGARIA 1912-1913 Prof. Elena KOCAQI* \u00a0 P\u00cbRMBLEDHJE Ky punim synon q\u00eb t\u00eb trajtoj\u00eb konfliktin midis Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Malit te Zi p\u00ebr Shkodr\u00ebn, q\u00eb u zhvillua nga tetori i vitit 1912 deri n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 1913. Shkodra me insistimin Austriak i takoi Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb politike por mbahej e rrethuar nga Mali i&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,11],"tags":[48,51,55,53,52,54,50,56,49],"class_list":["post-1168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bashkekohore","category-historigrafi","tag-akademia-alternative-shkencore-rrenjet-tona","tag-austria-hungaria","tag-departamenti-i-administrimit-publike","tag-fuqite-e-medha-historiane","tag-mali-i-zi","tag-profesor-ne-fakultetin-e-shkencave-politike-dhe-juridike","tag-rrethimi-i-shkodres","tag-studiuese","tag-tirane","category-15","category-11","description-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1168"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1169,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1168\/revisions\/1169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rrenjettona.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}